The Soviet Navy at some point in 1980s planned for a "universal landing ship" akin to the LHD ships of other countries. However due to insufficient shipbuilding capacity the project was postponed in favor of the Kuznetsov aircraft carriers. Then before the plan could ever see light again the USSR disolved and the project is thus cancelled.
In the end with the dissolution of the USSR, Russia's shipbuilding capacity rapidly declined, and resorted to the importing of the Mistral LHDs with provision to build them in Russia's own shipyard to revive its warship building industry. With the current cancellation of the Mistral LHDs, however, Russia might revive its own LHD program from the Project 11780.