Real world
Many people do not even notice them, however, buffers are an essencial part of every wagon. There are two very carefully placed pieces on each end. They transfer longitudinal compressive forces (while pushing the rail vehicle) and serve to reduce longitudinal shocks arising when the train moves. Buffers protect rail vehicles from damage, which is especially important if a cargo is fragile or liquid and for passenger coaches. If any buffer gets damaged, it has to be replaced immediately, since, in rare cases, it can even cause the whole train to derail.
Model
With this package, you will receive 4 pieces of buffer made according to the NEM 303 model standard intended for use with a cargo wagon. One wagon needs 4 buffers. Use a sharp knife (safety first!) to cut off parts highlighted in red and attach buffers, using super glue, to the wagon, two on both ends. See attached image for recommended positioning according to the NEM 303 model standard. Pay special attention to correct buffers orientation. Of course, buffers on the model are just an aesthetic detail without any functionality, so exact positioning is not crucial. These buffers are NOT intended for use with passenger coaches, since they use buffers of different shape!
Technical specifications