CAM ships were
World War II-era
British merchant ships used in
convoys as an emergency stop-gap until sufficient
escort carriers became available.
CAM ship is an
acronym for
catapult aircraft merchant ship.
[1]
They were equipped with a
rocket-propelled
catapult launching a single
Hawker Hurricane, dubbed a "Hurricat" or "Catafighter" to destroy or drive away an attacking bomber. Normally the Hurricane fighter would be lost when the pilot then bailed out or ditched in the ocean near the convoy. CAM ships continued to carry their normal cargoes after conversion.
The concept was developed and tested by the five
fighter catapult ships, commissioned as warships and commanded and crewed by the
Royal Navy - but the CAM ships were merchant vessels, commanded and crewed by the
Merchant Navy