The design guidelines do specify accuracy tolerances for the various materials.
Strong and Flexible: Accuracy: ± 0.15mm, then ± 0.15% of longest axis
Alumide: Accuracy: ± 0.15mm, then ± 0.15% of longest axis
Detail Plastic: Accuracy: ± 0.1mm
Frosted Detail Plastic: Accuracy: ± 0.025-0.05mm for every 25.4mm
Perhaps you could make reference parts using detail plastic or frosted detail plastic instead. These options are pricier but they are likely more consistent. Changing the size of a ring by an increment of 1/4 only changes the inside diameter by about 0.2 mm so it's not unreasonable for any printed ring to come back closer to the next higher or lower 1/4 ring size based on stated accuracy for strong and flexible or alumide.
I don't know if these tolerances are derived from statistics based on actual Shapeways production history or based on numbers coming from the 3D printer manufacturers. I would assume the latter. There are also some additional factors which affect variations such as the orientation of the objects in the printer which you cannot specify. I think the x,y printer dimensions are more accurate than the y dimension, and in theory the operators packing together build files orient your rings consistently and for the most accurate ring fit.
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Last edited: Jul 29, 2013