{"id":29918,"date":"2017-10-06T01:33:28","date_gmt":"2017-10-06T05:33:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shapeways.com\/blog\/?p=29918"},"modified":"2023-02-09T11:48:05","modified_gmt":"2023-02-09T16:48:05","slug":"printing-impossible-evolution-fidget-cube","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shapeways.com\/blog\/printing-impossible-evolution-fidget-cube","title":{"rendered":"Printing the Impossible: Evolution of a Fidget Cube"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Today&#8217;s <\/em>How I Made It<em> post explores a journey to 3D printing a fidget toy. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shapeways.com\/blog\/archives\/27436-trending-fidget-toys.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fidget toys have been trending since October<\/a>, and it&#8217;s amazing to see our community come up with\u00a0ever-more-brilliant ways to keep those hands busy during deep thoughts, Netflix binges, meetings&#8230;.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>I usually\u00a0start my designs by prototyping at home with a desktop FDM\/filament 3D printer. But some models\u00a0are really, really difficult to print on a filament-based 3D printer, and my\u00a0&#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thingiverse.com\/thing:230139\">Fidget Cube<\/a>&#8221; model is one of the worst:\u00a0it has enclosed hinges that point in every possible direction, and pieces of the model that have to somehow print floating right above other pieces. On an SLS\/nylon powder printer like those used for Strong &amp; Flexible plastic\u00a0prints at Shapeways, such &#8220;impossible&#8221; prints can be printed with great success rates. But at home, different desktop filament\u00a0printers, different filaments, and seemingly even different days of the week can have an influence on the success or failure of 3D printing Fidget Cubes.<\/p>\n<p>In this post, we&#8217;ll\u00a0track the evolution of one particularly fidgety 3D design\u00a0over\u00a0the past five years, from an assembly model to print-in-place on FDM machines, to multicolor variants, and finally\u00a0all the way to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shapeways.com\/3d-print-material-technology\/sls\">SLS printing<\/a> at Shapeways, where we will be able to level up our idea of &#8220;impossible&#8221; to include the printing of a fully-functioning <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yoshimoto_Cube\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Yoshimoto cube<\/a>!<\/p>\n<h3>2013: Pieces<\/h3>\n<p>Our story begins with a 3D-printable\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thingiverse.com\/thing:135836\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Folding Cube<\/a> by the legendary\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thingiverse.com\/emmett\/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">emmett<\/a>. This model prints in eight separate pieces which you then click together to assemble.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1140\" height=\"641\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/JnQGVXBjEdM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>This model is based on the popular &#8220;photo cubes&#8221; that you might have made out of paper and tape when you were younger. If you want to make a paper one, check out\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.instructables.com\/id\/Crazy-Foto-Cube\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Magic Folding Photo Cubes<\/a>\u00a0on\u00a0Instructables.\u00a0Emmett&#8217;s Folding Cube is a beautiful model that is really fun to fidget with, but because I&#8217;m not good at rotating or visualizing objects mentally, I had a really difficult time putting the pieces together properly. In fact, I was so bad at it that I vowed never to do it again, and set about to create a remix that could print all in one piece, fully assembled.<\/p>\n<h3>2014: Print in Place<\/h3>\n<p>After a lot of trial and error, I ended up creating the design from scratch <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shapeways.com\/blog\/archives\/29287-tutorial-tuesday-4-using-openscad-to-design-with-code.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in OpenSCAD<\/a>. Clearances between hinge parts and adjacent surfaces have to be just right for\u00a0the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thingiverse.com\/thing:230139\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Print-in-Place Fidget Cube<\/a>\u00a0to print successfully, and getting your slicer settings and model clearances to hit that sweet spot is\u00a0a fairly advanced 3D printing challenge.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/mathgrrl.com\/hacktastic\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/fidget_cubes_preview_featured.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4024 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/mathgrrl.com\/hacktastic\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/fidget_cubes_preview_featured.jpg\" alt=\"fidget_cubes_preview_featured\" width=\"628\" height=\"472\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>It probably isn&#8217;t going to work on your printer, with your filament, on the first try, but\u00a0once you find the right settings and clearances you should be able to print these Fidget Cubes reliably with a low failure rate (or, you can obviously go straight to Shapeways). If you decide to print it at home, the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thingiverse.com\/thing:230139\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Print-in-Place Fidget Cube<\/a>\u00a0model we put on Thingiverse is customizable so that you can tweak sizes and clearances and try to find what works for your machine.<\/p>\n<h3>2015: Yoshimoto<\/h3>\n<p>The folding action of the Fidget Cube is the same as that of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yoshimoto_Cube\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Yoshimoto Cube<\/a>, an incredible model that takes advantage of the fact that\u00a0a cube can be evenly dissected into two <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_stellation_of_rhombic_dodecahedron\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stellated Rhombic Dodecahedra<\/a> \u2014 and in fact, that those two Stellated Rhombic Dodecahedra can themselves be folded inside out to form cubes of the same size as the original cube. You kind of have to see it to believe it:<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1140\" height=\"641\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/mM7jt5a8TE0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>You can make a Yoshimoto Cube using <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=OJK5KqNwMu8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">origami<\/a>\u00a0or you can purchase a truly beautiful version from the <a href=\"https:\/\/store.moma.org\/museum\/moma\/ProductDisplay_Yoshimoto-Cube_10451_10001_45657_-1_26674_26679\">MoMA store<\/a>. Unfortunately, you can&#8217;t make a Yoshimoto Cube by carving up a Fidget Cube into two pieces, because the hinges protrude out of the shape and would interfere with the nesting of the pieces. However, we can carve out a\u00a0Stellated Rhombic Dodecahadon shape from the inside of our fidget cube to form a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thingiverse.com\/thing:929504\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fidget Star<\/a>\u00a0that folds one way into a cube and the other way into a Stellated Rhombic Dodecahedron.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/mathgrrl.com\/hacktastic\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/fidget_star_lots_preview_featured.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4025 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/mathgrrl.com\/hacktastic\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/fidget_star_lots_preview_featured.jpg\" alt=\"fidget_star_lots_preview_featured\" width=\"628\" height=\"472\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Here it is in action. This piece isn&#8217;t any more difficult to print than the Fidget Cube, but it seems a lot more impressive and surprising when the entire shape of the object changes as it turns inside out.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/mathgrrl.com\/hacktastic\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/fidget_star_slow2.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4042 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/mathgrrl.com\/hacktastic\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/fidget_star_slow2.gif\" alt=\"fidget_star_slow2\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>2016: Embedded Hinges<\/h3>\n<p>Next in line is the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thingiverse.com\/thing:1269699\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kobayashi Fidget Cube<\/a>\u00a0by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thingiverse.com\/pkobayashi\/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pkobayashi<\/a>, which prints in one piece and has flat hinges! I think you still couldn&#8217;t make a good Yoshimoto Cube out of this, but this version should be much, much easier to print than the Fidget Cube. This design isn&#8217;t a remix of mine or of emmett&#8217;s, but it is definitely an improvement on both:<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1140\" height=\"641\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-dLJEVduyMk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Designer\u00a0pkobayashi\u00a0later created a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thingiverse.com\/thing:1944689\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dual Color version<\/a>, which you print in pieces and then assemble:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/mathgrrl.com\/hacktastic\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/388d9afb4f41d1a2e0c5d073eb9ffc4b_preview_featured.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4027\" src=\"http:\/\/mathgrrl.com\/hacktastic\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/388d9afb4f41d1a2e0c5d073eb9ffc4b_preview_featured.jpg\" alt=\"388d9afb4f41d1a2e0c5d073eb9ffc4b_preview_featured\" width=\"628\" height=\"472\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>2017: Multicolor<\/h3>\n<p>What about two-color print-in-place cubes? As of this year, that also exists.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thingiverse.com\/MosaicManufacturing\/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MosaicManufacturing<\/a>\u00a0has been making beautiful\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thingiverse.com\/thing:2057912\">Multi-Color Fidget Star<\/a>\u00a0prints! Design-wise, this was\u00a0made from the Fidget Star just by splitting the model into two pieces (a cube surrounded by a shell). But, printing it is a\u00a0serious accomplishment:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/mathgrrl.com\/hacktastic\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/ea21163844f3403aa82943db6695d85c_preview_featured.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4045\" src=\"http:\/\/mathgrrl.com\/hacktastic\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/ea21163844f3403aa82943db6695d85c_preview_featured.jpg\" alt=\"ea21163844f3403aa82943db6695d85c_preview_featured\" width=\"628\" height=\"417\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>They made me one, and it&#8217;s huge! Thank you, Mosiac Manufacturing!!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/mathgrrl.com\/hacktastic\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/IMG_5510.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4029\" src=\"http:\/\/mathgrrl.com\/hacktastic\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/IMG_5510.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_5510\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>They handled the two-color printing\u00a0with a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mosaicmanufacturing.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Palette<\/a>, a device you can use for pre-processing filament\u00a0to send to\u00a0your 3D printer. The Palette\u00a0actually cuts and assembles pieces\u00a0of colored filament at exactly the right lengths for switching colors in the correct places while printing.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1140\" height=\"641\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/z7u_pS58TWY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>If you have a dual-nozzle 3D printer then\u00a0you can download Mosaic Manufacturing&#8217;s\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thingiverse.com\/thing:2057912\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Multi-Color Fidget Star<\/a>\u00a0model and print it yourself. Here is one I printed on\u00a0the lovely dual-nozzle <a href=\"https:\/\/ultimaker.com\/en\/products\/ultimaker-3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ultimaker 3<\/a>. I happened to print\u00a0it very small, and on fast, low-res &#8220;draft&#8221; mode, so it&#8217;s nowhere near the highest quality that the Ultimaker 3 can produce, but it still looks pretty good and it works!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/mathgrrl.com\/hacktastic\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/IMG_5516.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4030\" src=\"http:\/\/mathgrrl.com\/hacktastic\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/IMG_5516.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_5516\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>&#8230; And Beyond: Shapeways!<\/h3>\n<p>Printing any of the Fidget Cubes above on an FDM printer can be a difficult process that involves a lot of trial and error, skill, and luck. A lot of the problem lies with the fact that the model has to print without support material for the hinges to operate, which means that\u00a0the many overhangs and bridges on the model have to\u00a0print without that support. These problems melt away\u00a0if you print with a &#8220;powder printer&#8221; such as the SLS Nylon printers they use at Shapeways to print in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shapeways.com\/materials\/strong-and-flexible-plastic?li=nav\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Strong &amp; Flexible<\/a>\u00a0plastic:<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1140\" height=\"641\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/qCThfUhVftw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Having industrial-grade 3D printers makes a huge difference in what you can print successfully. Here&#8217;s a wonderful,\u00a0tiny <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shapeways.com\/product\/43E3FY7SJ\/fidget-cube-stress-reliever?optionId=61704890\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fidget Cube Stress Reliever<\/a>\u00a0by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shapeways.com\/shops\/brandutchmen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">brandutchmen<\/a>\u00a0on Shapeways:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shapeways.com\/product\/43E3FY7SJ\/fidget-cube-stress-reliever?optionId=61704890\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4046 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/mathgrrl.com\/hacktastic\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/710x528_17325518_10144463_1484527999.jpg\" alt=\"710x528_17325518_10144463_1484527999\" width=\"710\" height=\"528\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Even better, with the SLS printers, we can get to the holy grail of Fidget Cubes: Nesting hinged models that combine to make a Yoshimoto Cube! <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shapeways.com\/shops\/verywetpaint\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">VeryWetPaint<\/a>\u00a0created a fully functional, two-piece, nesting Yoshimoto Cube model that\u00a0prints in SLS Nylon at Shapeways, called the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.shapeways.com\/product\/6VWS6X22K\/yoshi-prime-box?optionId=42998525\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Yoshi prime box.<\/a>\u00a0His open-style design very cleverly allows both pieces to be hinged so that they can nest together. It&#8217;s amazing!<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1140\" height=\"855\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/755VOSqRtH8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Shapeways people, what&#8217;s next? Can you push this design to the next level? What even\u00a0<em>is<\/em> the next level? Let us know in the comments and we&#8217;ll see which designers dare to take fidgeting to new heights&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Today&#8217;s How I Made It post explores a journey to 3D printing a fidget toy. Fidget toys have been trending&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":105,"featured_media":30055,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[510],"tags":[784,1676,1517,1715,484,1572,494],"class_list":["post-29918","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-3d-printing-industry","tag-accessories","tag-desktop-3d-printing","tag-fidget-spinner","tag-fidget-toys","tag-8-gadgets","tag-how-i-made-it","tag-18-how-to"],"thumbnail":"https:\/\/www.shapeways.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/giphy-1.gif","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.9 (Yoast SEO v23.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Printing the Impossible: Evolution of a Fidget Cube - Shapeways Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Today&#039;s How I Made It post explores a journey to 3D printing a fidget toy. 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